• What is Virtual Reality?
• The Three I's of Virtual Reality
• A Short History of Early Virtual Reality
• Augmented Reality & Telepresence
• Early Commercial VR Technology
• PowerGlove, Data glove, Mattel Power Glove, HMD
• VR Becomes an Industry
• The Five Classic Components of a VR System

• Degrees of freedom, Tracker characteristics
• Three-Dimensional Position Trackers
  • Tracker Performance Parameters
  • Mechanical Trackers
  • Magnetic Trackers
  • Ultrasonic Trackers
  • Optical Trackers
  • Hybrid Inertial Trackers
• Navigation and Manipulation Interfaces
  • Tracker-Based Navigation/Manipulation Interfaces
  • Trackballs
  • Three-Dimensional Probes
• Gesture Interfaces
  • The Pinch Glove
  • The 5DT Data Glove
  • The Didjiglove
  • The CyberGlove
    

3)Lecture 3: OUTPUT DEVICES: GRAPHICS DISPLAYS

• Graphics Displays
  • The Human Visual System
  • Personal Graphics Displays
    • Personal Displays
    • Head Mounted Displays
    • 3-D Binoculars (hand supported)
    • Booms (floor supported)
    • Virtual windows (floor supported)
    • Auto-stereoscopic displays (desk supported)
  • Large-Volume Displays
    • Active glasses vs. FMDs
    • Passive glasses vs. active glasses
    • Tiled monitors-based display
    • Projector-based Large-Volume Displays
    • RAVE
    • Wall-type displays
    • Pano-Wall display
    • Portable Wall display
    • Wall and Dome-type displays

4)Lecture 4: OUTPUT DEVICES: THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOUND AND HAPTIC DISPLAYS

• Sound Displays

  • The Human Auditory System
    • 3-D audio vs stereo sound
    • Human hearing model
    • HRTF-based 3-D sound
    • 3-D sound cards
  • Speaker-Based Three-Dimensional Sound
• Haptic Feedback
  • The Human Haptic System
  • Tactile Feedback Interfaces
  • Force Feedback Interfaces
• Haptic Interfaces
  • Human touch sensing mechanism
  • Sensorial adaptation
  • Haptic feedback actuators
  • Touch Feedback Interfaces
  • Temperature feedback
    

5)Lecture 5: MODELING PRINCIPLES OF VIRTUAL REALITY

• Geometric Modeling
  • Virtual Object Shape
  • Object Visual Appearance
• Kinematics Modeling
  • Homogeneous Transformation Matrices
  • Object Position
  • Transformation Invariants
  • Object Hierarchies
  • Viewing the Three-Dimensional World
• Physical Modeling
  • Collision Detection
  • Surface Deformation
  • Force Computation
  • Force Smoothing and Mapping
  • Haptic Texturing
• Behavior Modeling
  • Interactive objects
  • Agent behavior
  • Reflex behavior
  • Object behavior
  • Emotional behavior
  • Crowds behavior
• Model Management
  • Level-of-Detail Management
  • Cell Segmentation

6)Lecture 6: COMPUTER GRAPHICS PRINCIPLES OF VIRTUAL REALITY

• -- Raster Scan Devices
  • CRT Output Devices
  • Raster Scan Device
  • Bitmap and Bitplanes
  • Antialiasing
  • Fill Area
• -- Color
  • The RGB Color Model
  • Location of Selected Colors
  • Color Selectors
  • Selected Planes in RGB Cube
  • Color Interpolation
  • Hardware Presentation
• -- 3D Viewing
  • Projection Systems
  • Perspective Projection
    Parallel Projection
  • View Plane and View Volume
  • 3D Viewing System
  • Hidden Surface Removal
  • Culling: Back-Face Removal
  • Viewing Pipeline
• -- Illumination and Shading
  • Illumination and Shading - Principles
  • Light Sources
  • Reflection Models
  • VRML Reflection Models
  • Shading Algorithms
  • Surface Normals
  • Texture Mapping
  • Texture Samples

7)Lecture 7 & 8: VR PROGRAMMING AND LAB

• Introduction
• A VRML File
• RGB Color System
• File Components
• Coordinate System
• Shape
• Geometry
  • Box
  • Cone
  • Cylinder
  • Sphere
  • Extrusion
  • ElevationGrid
  • PointSet
  • IndexedLineSet
  • IndexedFaceSet
  • Text
• Appearance
• Transform
• Grouping and Children
• Viewpoints
• Instancing
• Lights
  • Point Light
  • Directional Light
  • Spot Light
• Interpolators
  • Color Interpolator
  • Position Interpolator
  • Coordinate Interpolator
  • Scalar Interpolator
  • Normal Interpolator
  • Orientation Interpolator
• Sensors
  • CylinderSensor
  • PlaneSensor
  • ProximitySensor
  • SphereSensor
  • TimeSensor
  • TouchSensor
  • VisibilitySensor
• Routing
• Scripting
• Examples: Snowman, UFO, etc.
  

8)Lecture 9: HUMAN FACTORS IN VR

• Human factors vocabulary
  • HF study,Experimental protocol, Trial,Session,Rest period, Experimental database,IRB, PI, Subject,Experimental group,Control group,controlled study,Case study, Consent form,Baseline test
  • Stages of human factors studies
• Human Factor Areas
  • Human Performance Efficiency
    
  • Health and Safety
    
  • Societal Implications
• Methodology and Terminology
  • Data Collection and Analysis
  • Usability Engineering Methodology
• User Performance Studies
  • Testbed Evaluation of Universal VR Tasks
  • Influence of System Responsiveness on User Performance
  • Influence of Feedback Multimodality
• VR Health and Safety Issues
  • Direct Effects of VR Simulations on Users
  • Cybersickness
  • Adaptation and Aftereffects
  • Guidelines for Proper VR Usage
• VR and Society
  • Impact on Professional Life
  • Impact on Private Life
  • Impact on Public Life
• Conclusion

9)Lecture 10: TRADITIONAL VR APPLICATIONS

• Medical Applications of VR
  • Virtual Anatomy
  • Triage and Diagnostic
  • Surgery
  • Rehabilitation
• Education, Arts, and Entertainment
  • VR in Education
  • VR and the Arts
  • Entertainment Applications of VR
• Military VR Applications
  • Army Use of VR
  • VR Applications in the Navy
  • Air Force Use of VR
• Conclusion

10)Lecture 11: EMERGING APPLICATIONS OF VR

• VR Applications in Manufacturing
  • Virtual Prototyping
  • Other VR Applications in Manufacturing
• Applications of VR in Robotics
  • Robot Programming
  • Robot Teleoperation
• Information Visualization
  • Oil Exploration and Well Management
  • Volumetric Data Visualization
• Conclusion